mon people.
Description of the second picture:
The second picture is about the Southern States in the USA. during 1900 ―1968. Though slaves in the USA were set free in 1865, they didn't get equal I rights until 1965. Before that, they didn't ' have the rights to vote and were treated unfairly. The blacks and whites couldn't go to the same schools. There were separate sections for blacks in public places.
Description of the third picture:
The third picture is about South Africa. In 1990, Mandela was set free and was elected the first black president of South Africa in 1994. Before that, the local people there had no equal rights. They were ruled by the whites and were looked down upon.
Step III Fast Reading
Read the passage quickly and decide which of the sentences on the screen are true. (Show the following sentences on the screen and give the students several minutes to finish the task.)
Decide which of the following sentences are true,
1. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1865.
2. Black people refused to take buses for more than 18 months.
3. Black girls could not marry white boys.
4. King spent some time in prison.
5. Martin Luther King Jr. died of cancer in Washington.
Step IV Reading and Understanding
Read the text again and discuss the questions on the screen with partners. (Show the following on the screen.)
Discuss the following;
l. What was the situation for the blacks in the southern states at that time?
2. Explain in your own words what the first paragraph is about.
3. Martin Luther King, Jr. fought for the civil rights of black people in America. Which civil rights did he want black people to get?
4. King believed that he could reach his goal through peaceful actions, not through violence. Give examples of such peaceful actions.
(Students practise for a few minutes and the teacher may join in their discussion and help them. Finally ask some students to answer the questions one by one. )
Suggested answers;
1. Blacks were not treated equally. The South had its own laws to continue the separation of blacks and whites. Mixed-race marriages were forbidden by law. There were separate sections for blacks in public places. Blacks were not allowed to get into hotels, schools or libraries. Black children were educated in separate schools. Black people had no right to vote.
2. It tells us that thousands of black people marched on Washington D. C. the capital of the USA in the summer of 1963, when Martin Luther King, Jr. spoke to them at a meeting. His speech―"I have a dream"―spoke out the minds of the black people. Inspired by his speech, people continued to struggle and succeeded in the end. Soon he and his speech became known to the people all over the world.3. He wanted black people to be treated equally as the whites. Black people should not be separated but should be treated with respect in the same way as other people. They should have the right to vote.
4. In December 1955, King organized a boycott of the bus company and succeeded after 381 days. Later he led a new revolution to improve the housing condition for blacks in Birmingham. In 1963.he led the march on Washington D. C. As a result of that in the following year a new Civil Rights Act was passed and in 1965 a new Voting Right Bill became law.
To help the Ss better understand the passage, explain some words and expressions
(Show the following on the screen, and explain them to the students.)
Useful words and expressions!
1. forbid
e. g. I forbid you to stay out after midnight.
He forbids smoking during office hours,
2. set an example to
e. g. Tom worked hard and set a good example to his classmates,
3. demand
e. g. He demanded to be told everything.
They demanded that the right to vote (should) be given to every adult man.
4. achieve
e. g. achieve some victories, success, one's aims/purpose/goal achieve a lot, little, nothing, a great deal, etc.
Step V Listening and Reading
Play the tape twice for Ss. When playing it for the first time, listen carefully and pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation. When playing it for the second time, read after the tape. Then read the text aloud by themselves
Step VI Summary and Homework
T: Today, we've learnt a text "I have a dream". From this passage we've got a lot of information about a famous freedom fighter―Martin Luther King Jr. Now, please look at the blackboard. Make notes about him in the listed years and tell his belief and success. (Teacher writes the years on the blackboard and gives the students some time to finish the task. Then asks some students to write their answers on the blackboard.
Step VII The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard.
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
The Second Period
Notes about Martin Luther King Jr.
1929: Martin Luther King Jr. was born.
1944: won a scholarship and went to university
1955: Organized a boycott of a bus company and succeeded in the following year
1963: During the March on Washington D. C, he gave the speech "I have a dream"
1964: received the Nobel Prize for Peace
I968: Martin Luther King Jr. was murdered
Belief: demand equal rights as the whites land achieve that goal by peaceful actions, not by violence
Success: changed the whole society in the USA; black people started enjoying the rightsThe Third Period
Teaching Aims:
[.Compare and master some useful words.
2. Review the Passive Voice.
3. Further understand the whole text.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Master how to use the different forms of some useful words.
2. Review and learn the different forms of the Passive Voice.
Teaching Difficult Point;
How to choose proper forms of some useful words.
Teaching Methods;
1. Practice to get the students to master what they've learnt.
2. Comparison to get the students to understand what they've learnt.
3. Discussion to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures;
Step I Greetings and Revision
Greet the whole class as usual.
Ask the Ss to say their answers one by one.
Suggested answers.
1. was
2. were
3. What did/do black people want?
4. Why did you organize the Alabama bus company boycott?
5. Which problems did black people have in Birmingham. Alabama?
6. Why can't black people wait a bit longer?
7. Which Nobel Prize did you win?
Ask some pairs to act out their dialogues.
Sample dialogues
(A―a television reporter; B―Martin Luther King Jr.)
A: Mr. King, may I ask you a few questions?
B: Of course. I'd like to answer them.
A: What's life in the southern states like?
B: It's much better now. Since the Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964 and a new Voting Right Bill became law in 1965,we have had the same rights as the whites. I hope it will be like this forever.
A: What are some of the problems that black people have?
B: There are some problems. Their life is harder than the whites' because they could not go to the same schools as the whites in the past and therefore they can't get a higher position in the factories and companies. But things arc different now. I'm sure they will live a better life in the future.
A: Why did you organize the Alabama bus company boycott?
B: Because the bus company made a black woman give her seat to a white man. When she refused, the police arrested her. That was unfair.
A: Why can't black people wait a bit longer?
B: We had waited 340 years for our rights! That "wait" had almost always meant "never".
A: Which Nobel Prize did you win?
B: Oh, that was the year before last. I mean I received the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1964.
A: What did you do with the prize money?
B: I gave the whole of the $ 54 600 prize to the freedom movement.
A: You are great!
B: Thank you.
A: Thank you for answering my questions. Wish you every success!
Step II Word Study
Look at the sentences on the screen. Complete them with the proper words from the reading passage. The first letter has been given to help you. (Show the following sentences on the screen and allow the students enough time to finish them.)
1. S____ is the system by which some: people are owned by others as slaves.
2. Fifty years ago, mixed-race marriages were f____.
3. There were separate s______ for blacks on buses and trains.
4. Civil rights fighters d_____ that blacks will be treated equally.
5. During the Second World War, from 1937 to 1945, there were many organized b_____ of Japanese goods all over China.
Suggested answers:
1. slavery 2. forbidden 3. sections 4. demand 5. boycotts
Page 2, do Exercises 2. Discuss the sentences with your partner to see which words should be chosen, and then translate them into Chinese,
(Allow the students a few minutes to prepare and then check the answers with the whole class.) Suggested answers 1. separate; separate; separation黑人只能上单独的学校，在商店和饭店也只能到隔离区。金为反对这种把黑人和白人隔离的做法而斗争．2. politics; political安迪和本两人都主修政治，但他们常常持有不同的政治观点・3. achieve; achievement 像约翰・布朗和马丁・路德・金这样的为争取自由而斗争的战士，为了实现他们为之奋斗的目标而献出了生命。今天在美国，黑人和白人分享平等的权力这一事实从某种意义上讲就是他们取得的成就．4. law; lawyer 他对法律感兴趣，想做一个好律师．5. employed; employment 他作为一个公共汽车司机而被雇佣，他是幸运的，因为现在找到工作的比例相对来说还比较低．Step III Grammar
The Passive Voice. Turn to Page 30. Look at the first exercise. Finish it first and then check answers with partners.
(Allow the students a moment to finish the task and then check the answers with the whole class.)
Suggested answers;
1. They are not treated as equal citizens in the southern states in the 1950s,
2. They were separated from white people in shops* restaurants, hospitals, buses, trains .etc,
3. They were educated in separated schools.
4. They were given no right to vote.
5. A new Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964.enabling black people to vote.
Finish the second exercise on Page 30. (Students are given a few minutes to finish the exercises and then some of them are asked to say their answers. Finally, teacher checks the answers with the whole class.)
Suggested answers:
1. Rosa Parks, who refused to stand up for a white man .was arrested (by the police).
2. Many speeches against racial discrimination have been made (by civil rights activists).
3. More than 100 demonstrators were arrested and two were killed.
4. The whole society has greatly been changed in the USA.5. Martin Luther King Jr. will always be remembered.
6. The civil rights activists were put into prison.
Step IV Test
(Teacher writes the following on the blackboard.)
1. At that time in the southern states, blacks ____(treat) as equal citizens.
2. Blacks ____ (allow) into hotels, schools or libraries for white people.
3. Black people ____(should separate) but(should treat ) with respect,
4. Rosa Parks (arrest) by the police on December 1,1955.
5. Martin Luther King, Jr. ____(will remember) forever.
6. A film about a black family ____ ( make ) now and ____ ( show ) soon.
Suggested answers:
1. were not treated
2. were not allowed
3. should not be separated; should be treated
4. was arrested
5. will be remembered
6. has been made; wilt be shown
Step V Summary and Homework
T: In this class, we've reviewed the usage of some useful words and we've also done some exercises to review the Passive Voice. You should pay attention to the verb forms in the Passive Voice and learn them by heart. After class, you need to practise as much as possible to use them freely. Practice makes perfect. you know. Today's homework: find as many useful words and expressions as you can in the text and make sentences with them.
Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
The Third Period
Complete the following sentences;
1. At that time in the southern states, blacks were not treated (treat) as equal citizens.
2. Blacks were not allowed (allow) into hotels, schools or libraries for white people.
3. Black people should not be separated (should separate) but should be treated (should treat) with respect.
4. Rosa Parks was arrested (arrest) by the police on December 1.1955.
5. Martin Luther King, Jr. will be remembered (will remember) forever.
6. A film about a black family has been made (make) now and will be shown (show) soon.
The Fourth Period
Teaching Aims:
1. Read the text and grasp the main idea of it,
2. Do some exercises to master what they've learnt.
3. Learn to write an essay.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students' reading ability by reading a text.
2. Improve the students' writing ability by reading and writing.
Teaching Difficult Points;
1. How to improve the students' integrating skills.
2. How to write an essay.
Teaching Methods:
1. Practice to make the students master what they've learnt.
1. Asking-and-answering method to help the students grasp the main idea.
3. Discussion to make every student understand the topic clearly.
Teaching Aids:
1. the multimedia
2. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step I Greetings and Revision
(Greet the whole class as usual.) In the last period, we've learnt some useful words and expressions. Now, let's do an exercise to revise them. Look at the screen, please. They Ss may have a discussion, if they like. (Show the following on the screen and let the students prepare for a moment. Finally, ask some students to say their answers and correct their mistakes, if any. )
Choose the proper words to complete the following sentences, using the proper forms:
prison housing peaceful march murder forbid set a good example demand
1. Too many people are living in bad ____ conditions.
2. If some people are on a ____, they walk together in a large group through the street to express their ideas.
3. Black people in Alabama ____ that the bus company should not separate blacks from whites.
4. Lei Feng ____ to us in serving the people heart and soul,
5. In the American history, two former presidents Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy were ____.
6. Smoking is ____ in our school now. Our school is a non-smoke school. :
7. The man who robbed a bank of our city was caught last Sunday and put in ____ now.
8. When I arrived in Qingdao, the sea there: was ____ and beautiful. Many people jumped into it and had a bath.
Suggested answers:
1. housing
3. demanded
5. murdered
7. prison
2. march
4. set a good example
6. forbidden
8. peaceful
Step II Fast Reading
(Show the questions on the screen.) Now, we'll begin a new text. Page 30 and read the passage fast and find answers to the questions on the screen.Answer the following questions:
1. Which country was the first in the world to give women the right to vote?
2. Who wrote two chapters about the rights of animals and vegetables in a novel? And when?
(Three minutes later)
Get some Ss to answer the two questions.
Step III Reading
(Show the questions on the screen.)Read the text again and discuss the questions on the screen with partners.
Discuss the following questions:
1. "Each age has its own struggle for right.” What does the word “age" mean?
2. What were the main ideas of the famous books about the rights of men and women, which were published in the late 18th to the 19th century?
3. Please describe the rights to vote for women in the 19th and the 20th century.
4. What is the purpose of the organizations that fight for equal rights in modern times?
5. Do you think we should fight for the rights of robots and machines?
(The students read the text and discuss the questions. Then the teacher may ask some of the students to say their answers, )
Suggested answers:
1. The word "age" means "times", for Chinese "时代".
2. The main ideas of these books were that all people are brothers and sisters, and that all people should be equal. From then on, a struggle of more than 200 years for equal rights of men and women of all races began.
3. There was a time when women had no rights to vote. In the 19th century, women all over the world began to ask for equal rights. It is New Zealand that is the first country in the world to give women the right to vote in 1893. By 1920, the US, Canada and most European countries allowed the women to vote.
4. They fight for the rights of black people, women, children, people with AIDS/H1V and prisoners. Their purpose is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the rights to work, good housing conditions and education and to be treated equal to other people in all ways.
5. I don't think so. We should protect all the living things, including plants and animals, because all of them are part of nature. If one of them is not well protected, the balance of nature will be destroyed. That will perhaps cause another living thing to die out. No matter which of them dies out, our nature will lose some of its color. Robots and machines are made by man. We can decide how many of them will be needed, according to their use. If we need more, we can make more. That will not affect the balance of nature. And I think we should protect our oceans and earth, too.
Step IV Reading Aloud and Practice
Listen to the tape, play it twice. The first time I play the tape, listen carefully. The second time I play it. They can read after the tape. After that, they read the text aloud, paying much attention to the pronunciation and intonation.
(Play the tape for students to listen and repeat. Then give them several minutes to read aloud. At last, ask a couple of students to read the text. )
(Show the phrases on the screen.) Make sentences with the phrases shown on the screen.
Make sentences with the following
phrases:
in modern rimes believe in start with
a time have……in common with respect
in all ways ask for
Sample sentences:
in modern times;
In modern times many peasants are very rich.
believe in;
You can believe in him; he'll never let you down.
start with;
The school starred with 300 pupils; now there are double that number,
a time;
I don't care for the place at first, but after a time I got to like it.
Have……in common;
Real friends should have everything in common.
with respect
We should treat everybody with respect.
in all ways!
All the people should be treated equally in all ways,
ask for:
She entered it, asked for a cup of tea, and sat down. There's been a gentleman here asking for you.
Step V Writing
Now, let's do some writing practice. First look at the information on Page 31. Read it and then work out the details for King's action in Birmingham after the example. Pair work. A few minutes later, check the answers.
King wanted new civil rights law to give blacks equal rights. What is wrong now: Only 25% of the blacks can vote. How should it be improved? All the citizens can vote, no matter what race they are.
King wanted the right of free marriages for blacks. What is wrong now: Mixed race marriages are forbidden by law. How should it be improved? All the people can choose their marriages by themselves.
King wanted the right of receiving equal education. What is wrong now: Black children are taught in separate schools, and the money spent on educating a black child is much less than that spent on a white child. How should it be improved; Black children and white children can in the same school to have their classes.
Read the second information and discuss what we should do
Suggested answers:Rights
People
Animals/ Plants
Robots/ machines
Housing
big enough house
big enough room
big enough room
Nutrition
enough nutrition
enough nutrition
keep in good repair
Work
eight hours
can't be made to work too long
can't work too long
Health and care
keep healthy
keep healthy
take good care of
Respect
treat with respect
treat with respect
X
Vote
have the right to vote
X
X
Step VI Summary and Homework
T: In this class, we've learned a text "No voice, not heard……" and done some exercises. There are some useful expressions in the text. After class, you should make sentences with the expressions on the blackboard and finish Exercises 3,4 and 5 on Page 32.
Sample essay
People, animals and plants are all living in one home―our earth. People are in charge of everything. They should live comfortable. That is to say, they should have big enough house to live in and have enough nutrition to keep them healthy. Besides, they should have regular medical care. People should respect each other and help each other. They should not work too long or too tired. They should have the right to vote. So it is with animals and plants, though they don't need the right to vote. Our earth is beautiful and full of vigor, owing to all the animals and plants. We should take care of them, and let them live comfortable and freely. Some of the animals can help us work or do other things for us. We should treat them with respect. For example, we should not make them work too long or make them too tired. Let's live together with our animals and plants happily! Suppose what a sad world our earth would be if there were no animals and plants at all! We should be friends with them forever.
Step VII The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
The Fourth Period
Useful expressions:
believe in start with
ask for in modern times
have……in common with respect
in all ways
The Fifth Period
The Passive Voice
Teaching Aims:
1. Summarize and review the different forms of the Passive Voice in the Present Indefinite, the Past Indefinite, the Future Indefinite and the Present Perfect.
2. Help the students master how to turn the Active Voice into the Passive Voice.
3. Make sure the students know how to change sentences with modal verbs into the Passive Voice.Teaching Important Point;
Help the students to use the Passive Voice in the Future Indefinite and the Present Perfect correctly.
Teaching Difficult Point;
How to make the students know how to change the verbal phrases from the Active Voice into the Passive Voice correctly,
Teaching Methods:
Review, explanation, inductive methods
Teaching Aids:
l. the multimedia 2。 the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step I Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step II Revision
(Show the following sentences on the multimedia.)
Turn the following into the Passive Voice:
1. He washes his clothes every week.
2. I repaired my bike yesterday,
3. We shall discuss the question at our next meeting.
4. They have done everything to make the work easier.
5. The driver is repairing the car.
6. You must keep the book clean.
(Students prepare for a moment and then check their answers in pairs. Finally, the teacher asks some students to write their sentences on the blackboard.)
Suggested answers:
1. His clothes are washed every week.
2. My bike was repaired yesterday.
3. The question will be discussed at our next meeting,
4. Everything has been done to make the work easier.
5. The car is being repaired C by the driver).
6. The book must be kept clean.
Read each sentence carefully and underline the predicate in it. (Ask some students to underline the predicate in each sentence.)
Suggested answers:
1. are washed
2. was repaired
3. will be discussed
4. has been done
5. is being repaired
6. must be kept
Step III Practice
Do some more exercises. (Show the following on the screen.)Turn the following sentences into the Passive Voice:
I. We speak Chinese here.
2. I finished my homework in two hours.
3. They were making a model plane.
4. They have finished the work,
5. We can change water into ice.
6. You ought to ask for his advice.
7. When will you paint the wall?
8. Have you found your book?
Suggested answers;
1. Chinese is spoken here.
2. My homework was finished in two hours,
3. A model plane was being made,
4. The work has been finished.
5. Water can be changed into ice.
6. His advice ought to be asked for.
7. When will the wall be painted?
8. Has your book been found?
Step IV Explanation and Practice
Turn the following into the Passive: Voice:
1. We have never heard of such things before.
2. They listened to her with great interest.
3. A peasant woman brought the child up.
4. They often made fun of him in school.
5. I'll look after your baby well.
6. We must take down the notice quickly.
(Give the students enough time to do these exercises, and then check the answers with the whole class, )
Suggested answers
1. Such things have never been heard of before.
2. She was listened to with great interest,
3. The child was brought up by a peasant woman.
4. He was often made fun of in school.
5. Your baby will be looked after well.
6. The notice must be taken down quickly.
Step V Consolidation
Do more exercises to consolidate the Passive Voice. (Show the following on the multimedia.)
Multiple Choice;
1. You can see the house ____ for years.
A. isn't painted B. hasn't painted
C, hasn't been painted D. hadn't painted
2. Some new oil fields ____ since 1976.
A. were opened up B, has opened up
C. have been opened up D. had been opened up
3. Doctors ____ in every part of the world.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
4. No permission has ____ for anybody to enter the building.
A. been given B. given C. to give D. be giving
5. I ____ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
A. gave B. was given C. was giving D. had given
6. In some parts of the world, tea with milk and sugar.
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served,
7. Paper money ____ for over a thousand years.
A. used B. has been used C. has used D. is using.
8. She ____ for what she has done.
A. ought to praise B. ought to praised
C. ought be praised D. ought to be praised.
9. His new book ____ next month.
A. will be published B, is publishing
C. is being published D. has been published
10. Can such a thing __ happening again?
A. prevent from B. prevented from
C. be prevented from D. to prevent from
(A moment later, ask some students to give their answers one by one.)
Suggested answers:
l.C 2.C 3.C 4. A 5.B 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. A 10.
Step VI Summary
Show the following on the screen.
The Passive Voice
The Present Indefinite―am/is/are + p.p.
The Past Indefinite―was/were+ p. p,
The Future Indefinite―shall/will be + p.p.
The Present Perfect―have/has been+ P.P-
The Past Perfect―had been + p. p.
The Present Continuous―am/is/are
Being + p. p.;
can/may/must be + p. p.
Step VII Homework
T: In order to help you consolidate what we've learnt today, I'll give you some more exercises to do after class. Look at the screen. Write down the sentences in your exercise books. I'll check your answers tomorrow. (Show the following on the multimedia.)
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:
1. This kind of machine is sold well.
2. That child was taken good care.
3. English is spoken by many countries.
4. The bike needs to repair.
5. The music is sounded beautiful.
6. The story was happened last year.
7. Does a lot of work done by him every day?
8. When will the sports meet held?
Suggested answers s
1. is sold → sells
2. good care → good care of
3. by → in4. to repair → to be repaired
5. is sounded → -sounds
6. was happened → happened
7. Does → Is
8. held → be held
Step VIII The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
The Fifth Period
Grammar The Passive Voice
1. His clothes are washed every week.
2. My bike was repaired yesterday.
3. The question will be discussed at our next meeting.
4. Everything has been done to make the work easier.
5. The car is being repaired (by the driver).
6. The book must be kept clean.
We must take good care of the children.
→The children must be take good care of.