高中英语词法专题宾语从句精品教案

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二. 宾语从句的考查

宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

1. 考查宾语从句的语序：

宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即 “主语+谓语+……

Do you know when __________?

A. does the next train leave B. the next train leaves

C. will the next train leave D. the next train will leave

注：若从句时疑问句，但语序不变的有：

1). who在从句中作主语。

Can you tell me _________? (谁将来这儿)

2). what’s wrong / the matter?

He asked what was the matter with me.

3). what happened

I don’t know what happened yesterday.

4). which is the way to ….?

Can you tell me which is the way to the park ?

2. 考查宾语从句的引导词

1). 若宾语从句时陈述句时，引导词用that 且that 可省掉。

She said “I’m gald to see you” = She said _____ _____ ______ gald to see me.

2). 宾语从句时一般疑问句时，引导词用if 或whether. 一般情况下if /whether 可互换，但后有or not / or 、动词不定式或介词的后面时，只能用whether.

He saked me “Are you going to Wuhan ?” = He asked me ______ _____ _____ going to Wuhan.

I’m thinking about ______ to go there.

A. if B. whether C. that

3). 宾语从句时特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词。

Do you know ________? I’m not sure, Maybe he is a businessman.

A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do

4). 若宾语从句时肯定祈使句时，就改为ask /tell sb to do sth. 若为否定祈使句，就改为ask /tell sb not to sth.

“Don’t open the door” The teacher said. = The teacher told me _____ ____ ___ the door.

3.宾语从句的时态

1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。

Can you tell me _________? He is a doctor.

A. what is he B. what he was C. what he is D. what was he

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。

He asked ____________.

A. what time it is B. what time is it C. what time it was D. what time was it

He told me that he ______ for the sports meet.

A. is preparing B. was preparing C. will prepare D. has prepared

注：1) 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。

Our teacher said that January_____(be) the first month of the year.

Our teacher said that the earth ___(go) around the sun.

2).若主句为could you …..?表示请求客气的语气，从句的时态仍然不变。

Could you tell me _______?

A. what he was doing B. what was he doing

C. what he is doing D. what is he doing

4. if /when 引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。从句的时态的确定。

if

When

if/when从句的时态

条件/时间状语从句

如果、假如

当…的时候

一般现在时

宾语从句

是否

什么时候

一般将来时

Can you guess if they___ to play football with us?

I think they will come if they ____free.

A. come, are B. will come, will be C. will come, are D. come, will be

Can you tell me when he____here tomorrow?

When he _____ here, please call me.

A. comes, comes B. will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes, will come

5. 宾语从句的简化：

1). 宾语从句是陈述句时，且主、从句的主语一致，可简化为“动词+ to do sth”.

I hope I can meet you again.

I hope _____ _____ you again.

2). 宾语从句是疑问句时，且主、从句的主语一致，或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“疑问词+ to do sth”.

I don’t know what I should do next.

I don’t know ____ ____ _____ next.

Could you tell me how I can get there?

Could you tell me ____ ____ _____ there?

John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy.

John didn’t decide _____ ____ _____ _____ .

3). hear / see / find + that + 从句 ，可改为“hear / see / find + sb (要用宾格) + doing sth”.

I heard that they were singing in the next room.

=I heard _____ _____ in the next room.

We found that she was playing with the cat under the tree.

We found _____ _____ with the cat under the tree.